Gnawed bones and most of the excavated dirt are usually left at the entrance (Prater 1965). The burrow is usually self-constructed, with a long entrance tunnel, multiple exits and a large inner chamber(Gurung and Singh 1996). Indian porcupines are nocturnal, with the species seeking shelter in caves, between rocks, or in its burrow during the day (Prater 1965). Quite often, these quills become dislodged and remain in the victim. The majority of the damage is done by the short quills that are hidden beneath the longer, thinner spines on the tail and back. This action drives the spines deep into the enemy, often leading to severe injury or death (Ellerman 1961). If the disturbance continues, the species launches a backward attack and clashes its rear against the offending animal. When irritated or alarmed, the Indian porcupine raises its quills and rattles the hollow spines on its tail. Average gestation period 113 days AnAge.gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate).The Indian porcupine is usually monogamous, with both parents being found in the burrow with their offspring throughout the year. Young are born with their eyes open, and the body is covered by short soft quills. Brood size varies, ranging from2 to 4 offspring per year (Prater 1965). Gestation for the species, on average, lasts 240 days (Gurung and Singh 1996). The feet and hands are broad, with long claws that are used for burrowing. Among these, are longer, hollow, rattling quills that are used to alarm potential predators (Ellerman 1961). The tail is covered with with shorter spines that appear white in color. Spines vary in length, with the neck and shoulder quills being the longest, measuring 15 to 30 cm (Gurung and Singh 1996). Each quill is brown or black in color, with alternating bands of white. Beneath the longer, thinner spines lies a layer of shorter and thicker ones. Its hair is highly modified to form multiple layers of spines. On average, the Indian porcupine's head and body measure 70-90 centimeters (cm) in length, with the tail adding an additional 8-10 cm (Prater 1965). They are also found throughout the Himalayan mountains, reaching up to elevations of 2400 meters (Gurung and Singh 1996). Although they usually favor rocky hill sides, the species can also be found in tropical and temperate scrublands, grasslands, and forests. The Indian porcupine is highly adaptable to multiple environments. Mates will burrow their tunnels together as they prepare for the birth of their offspring.The Indian porcupine ( Hystrix indica) is found throughout southeast and central Asia and in parts of the Middle East, including such countries as India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Israel, Iran and Saudia Arabia. The burrow is usually self-constructed, with a long entrance tunnel and multiple exits. This nocturnal animal burrows itself in sheltered caves or between rocks during the day. They will occasionally chew on bones in search of minerals that help their spines grow. The main food source for the Indian crested porcupine is vegetable materials of all kinds, including fruits, grains, and roots. They are also found throughout the Himalayan mountains, reaching up to elevations of 2,400 meters. The species can also be found in tropical and temperate scrublands, grasslands, and forests. They can be found throughout southeast and central Asia and in parts of the Middle East. The spines on the porcupines tail will rattle if it feels irritated or alarmed. The tail is covered with shorter spines that appear white in color. Each quill is brown and black in color, with alternating bands of white. Layers on layers! The Indian crested porcupine has multiple layers of spines.
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